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The earliest record of a ship under sail is depicted on
an Egyptian pot dating back to 3200BC. The Egyptians pioneered the development
of river craft and there were many different types built for various uses.
Agricultural produce, troops, cattle, stone and funeral processions were all
carried on he Nile and its canals. These Egyptian boats were made of either
native woods or conifers from Lebanon.
Papyrus boats were useful for hunting or crossing short stretches of water, using a paddle or a pole. These boats were made of bundles of bound papyrus reeds, and were lashed together into a long thin hull form in the style of a slight crescent. This lifted the ends out of the water. The bundle was made as wide as possible for stability, ansd an extra bundle was put on top so that the cargo and crew were kept reasonable dry. ( Reed vessels like these of Ancient Egypt ares till in use in Peru today.) Cedar was very important to the Egyptians as a boat building material. These boats were built of relatuvely short blocks of timber, and were braced and secured with rope lashings very much in the same style that was used in papyrus boats. This wooden model of the funery boats found at Thebes, with its two pointed ends rising out of the water, is a good example.
All the cities and towns were easily accessible by boat, and the Nile
provided the perfect means of transport, since it was cheap and quick. The
necessary water power was provided by the current and the wind.
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From a Theban tomb painting
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In the pyramid of King Khufu, the worlds oldest boat was found. It's 1200
pieces were found stored unassembled, with matching hieratic signs, (which
were a written version of hieroglyphics). These hieratic signs indicated to
which quarter of the boat the parts belonged.
Khufu's barge measured 150 feet from long beam to stern. Different theories arose and to the intended use of the boat. Was it for Khufu's use in the afterlife? Or as some believe , was it part of the funeral cortege , which may have carried his body from Memphis to Giza. A model of King Khufu's boat |